Muslims made scientific advances in the early history of their civilization. Being aware of their weakness and backwardness in the realms of science, knowledge, and technology, Muslim researchers and intellectuals endeavored to enter the realm of science by displaying their talents and introducing their innovations. This article describes the geographical expansion of Islam, the progress of Islamic civilization with its advances in areas such as medicine, physics, astronomy, and history, as well as its impact on western civilization. It demonstrates how Muslims were able to achieve a remarkable civilization and benefit other societies, particularly the western world.